Matius 7:1-2

Do Not Judge

7:1 “Do not judge so that you will not be judged. ¹  7:2 For by the standard you judge you will be judged, and the measure you use will be the measure you receive. ² 

Lukas 6:37

Do Not Judge Others

6:37 “Do ³  not judge, ⁴  and you will not be judged; ⁵  do not condemn, and you will not be condemned; forgive, ⁶  and you will be forgiven.

Roma 2:1

The Condemnation of the Moralist

2:1 ⁷ Therefore ⁸  you are without excuse, ⁹  whoever you are, ¹⁰  when you judge someone else. ¹¹  For on whatever grounds ¹²  you judge another, you condemn yourself, because you who judge practice the same things.

Roma 2:16

2:16 on the day when God will judge ¹³  the secrets of human hearts, ¹⁴  according to my gospel ¹⁵  through Christ Jesus.

Roma 14:4

14:4 Who are you to pass judgment on another’s servant? Before his own master he stands or falls. And he will stand, for the Lord ¹⁶  is able to make him stand.

Roma 14:10-13

14:10 But you who eat vegetables only – why do you judge your brother or sister? ¹⁷  And you who eat everything – why do you despise your brother or sister? ¹⁸  For we will all stand before the judgment seat ¹⁹  of God. 14:11 For it is written, “As I live, says the Lord, every knee will bow to me, and every tongue will give praise to God.” ²⁰  14:12 Therefore, each of us will give an account of himself to God. ²¹ 

Exhortation for the Strong not to Destroy the Weak

14:13 Therefore we must not pass judgment on one another, but rather determine never to place an obstacle or a trap before a brother or sister. ²² 

Yakobus 4:11

4:11 Do not speak against one another, brothers and sisters. ²³  He who speaks against a fellow believer ²⁴  or judges a fellow believer speaks against the law and judges the law. But if you judge the law, you are not a doer of the law but its judge. ²⁵ 

[7:1]  ¹ sn The point of the statement do not judge so that you will not be judged is that the standards we apply to others God applies to us. The passive verbs in this verse look to God’s action.

[7:2]  ² tn Grk “by [the measure] with which you measure it will be measured to you.”

[6:37]  ³ tn Grk “And do.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[6:37]  ⁴ sn As the Gospel makes clear, with the statement do not judge Jesus had in mind making a judgment that caused one to cut oneself off from someone so that they ceased to be reached out to (5:27-32; 15:1-32). Jesus himself did make judgments about where people stand (11:37-54), but not in such a way that he ceased to continue to offer them God’s grace.

[6:37]  ⁵ sn The point of the statement do not judge, and you will not be judged is that the standards one applies to others God applies back. The passive verbs in this verse look to God’s action.

[6:37]  ⁶ sn On forgive see Luke 11:4; 1 Pet 3:7.

[2:1]  ⁷ sn Rom 2:1-29 presents unusual difficulties for the interpreter. There have been several major approaches to the chapter and the group(s) it refers to: (1) Rom 2:14 refers to Gentile Christians, not Gentiles who obey the Jewish law. (2) Paul in Rom 2 is presenting a hypothetical viewpoint: If anyone could obey the law, that person would be justified, but no one can. (3) The reference to “the ones who do the law” in 2:13 are those who “do” the law in the right way, on the basis of faith, not according to Jewish legalism. (4) Rom 2:13 only speaks about Christians being judged in the future, along with such texts as Rom 14:10 and 2 Cor 5:10. (5) Paul’s material in Rom 2 is drawn heavily from Diaspora Judaism, so that the treatment of the law presented here cannot be harmonized with other things Paul says about the law elsewhere (E. P. Sanders, Paul, the Law, and the Jewish People, 123); another who sees Rom 2 as an example of Paul’s inconsistency in his treatment of the law is H. Räisänen, Paul and the Law [WUNT], 101-9. (6) The list of blessings and curses in Deut 27–30 provide the background for Rom 2; the Gentiles of 2:14 are Gentile Christians, but the condemnation of Jews in 2:17-24 addresses the failure of Jews as a nation to keep the law as a whole (A. Ito, “Romans 2: A Deuteronomistic Reading,” JSNT 59 [1995]: 21-37).

[2:1]  ⁸ tn Some interpreters (e.g., C. K. Barrett, Romans [HNTC], 43) connect the inferential Διό (dio, “therefore”) with 1:32a, treating 1:32b as a parenthetical comment by Paul.

[2:1]  ⁹ tn That is, “you have nothing to say in your own defense” (so translated by TCNT).

[2:1]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “O man.”

[2:1]  ¹¹ tn Grk “Therefore, you are without excuse, O man, everyone [of you] who judges.”

[2:1]  ¹² tn Grk “in/by (that) which.”

[2:16]  ¹³ tn The form of the Greek word is either present or future, but it is best to translate in future because of the context of future judgment.

[2:16]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “of people.”

[2:16]  ¹⁵ sn On my gospel cf. Rom 16:25; 2 Tim 2:8.

[14:4]  ¹⁶ tc Most mss, especially Western and Byzantine (D F G 048 33 1739 1881 Ï latt), read θεός (qeos, “God”) in place of κύριος (kurios, “Lord”) here. However, κύριος is found in many of the most important mss (Ì⁴⁶ א A B C P Ψ pc co), and θεός looks to be an assimilation to θεός in v. 3.

[14:10]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “But why do you judge your brother?” The introductory phrase has been supplied in the translation to clarify whom Paul is addressing, i.e., the “weak” Christian who eats only vegetables (see vv. 2-3). The author uses the singular pronoun here to rhetorically address one person, but the plural has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[14:10]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “Or again, why do you despise your brother?” The introductory phrase has been supplied in the translation to clarify whom Paul is addressing, i.e., the “strong” Christian who eats everything (see vv. 2-3). The author uses the singular pronoun here to rhetorically address one person, but the plural has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[14:10]  ¹⁹ sn The judgment seat (βῆμα, bhma) was a raised platform mounted by steps and sometimes furnished with a seat, used by officials in addressing an assembly or making pronouncements, often on judicial matters. The judgment seat was a familiar item in Greco-Roman culture, often located in the agora, the public square or marketplace in the center of a city.

[14:11]  ²⁰ sn A quotation from Isa 45:23.

[14:12]  ²¹ tc ‡ The words “to God” are absent from some mss (B F G 6 630 1739 1881 pc) but are found in א A C D Ψ 0209 33 Ï lat sy co. External evidence somewhat favors their inclusion since Alexandrian, Western, and Byzantine mss are well represented. From an internal standpoint, however, it is easy to see the words as a scribal gloss intended to clarify the referent, especially as a reinforcement to the quotation of Isa 45:23 in v. 11. Not only that, but the abrupt ending of the verse without “to God” is harsh, both in Greek and in English. In this instance, the internal considerations seem overwhelming on the side of the omission. At the same time, English stylistic needs require the words and they have been put into the translation, even though they are most likely not original. NA²⁷ places the words in brackets, indicating doubt as to their authenticity.

[14:12]  tn Or “each of us is accountable to God.”

[14:13]  ²² tn Grk “brother.”

[4:11]  ²³ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2.

[4:11]  ²⁴ tn See note on the word “believer” in 1:9.

[4:11]  ²⁵ tn Grk “a judge.”